印度尼西亞華人姓氏
大量華人世居於印度尼西亞長達數個世紀。隨時間演變，特別是在印度尼西亞新秩序時期的社會與政治壓力迫使下，多數印尼華人已採用融入當地語言文化的姓氏拼寫方式[1][2]。但歷史上曾有許多具有閩南語、粵語或客家語等南方漢語特色的姓氏被廣泛使用。
印尼華人姓氏歷史
殖民時代－1965年
荷屬東印度時期，荷蘭當局以當地華人優勢語言－福建閩南話來拼寫出生證明書中的姓名欄。當局以最接近福建話語音的荷蘭語發音方式來記錄。類似的情況也發生在英屬馬來亞，英國當局以英語發音方式來記錄馬來亞華人的姓名。例如：[1]
| 漢姓 | 荷蘭當局拼法 | 英國當局拼法 | 白話字 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 吳 | Go | Goh | Gô͘ |
| 李 | Lie | Lee | Lí |
| 林 | Liem | Lim | Lîm |
| 梁 | Liong | Leong | Liông |
| 黃 | Oei、Oey | Wee、Ooi | Ûiⁿ |
| 曾 | Tjan | Chan | Chan |
此外，由於早期福建話正寫法尚未被制定與推廣，一些羅馬化姓氏存有異同；例如單單一個「郭」姓就有Kwee、Kwik、Que、Kwek等多種寫法。這類的拼寫傳統歷經了日本佔領時期（1942年－1945年）、印度尼西亞獨立（1945年）至荷蘭政府承認其主權（1949年）等時期。由於印尼政府初期延續荷蘭法律，因此這類拼法持續存在直到1965年蘇卡諾掌權執政為止。
1947年與1972年，印尼語歷經兩次重大變革。導致如oe被改為u、j被改為y，因此盧與楊從原本的Loe與Njoo分別被改為Lu與Nyoo等。
1965年－2000年
1965年，蘇哈托上台後推出一些排華法例，其中1966年推出的法案127/U/Kep/12/1966建議華人放棄使用原姓名而改用印尼語姓名，當地部分華人的姓名因此印尼化。
印尼華人姓氏拼寫法與其印尼化姓氏列表
| 漢姓 | 泉漳話 潮州話 |
廣東話 | 客家話 | 印尼化姓氏舉例[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 陳 | Tan | Tjan, Chan | Tjhin, Chin | Tantama, Tandubuana, Tanardo, Tanto, Hertanto, Hartanto, Hartono, Tanoto, Tanu, Tanato, Tanutama, Sutanto, Cendana, Tanudisastro, Tandiono, Tanujaya, Santoso, Tanzil, Tandi, Tandjung, Tanjung, Tanasal, Tanadi, Tanusudibyo, Tanubrata, Tanamal, Taniwan, Tanuwidjaja, Tanuseputro, Tanumihardja, Tanaya, Tanjaya, Tandika, Tanandar, Hartanoe, Tania, Chandra (Tjandra), Tirtasana, Wirahadi, Yonatan, Sonatan, Natan, Tandoko, Tanojo, Daritan, Cinta (Tjinta), Tjintaputra, Winata, Iskandar, Susanto, Setiawan, other names with the prefixes Tanu- (Tanoe-) or Tan- |
| 范 | Hoan, Hwan, Huang | Fan, Faan | Fam,
Hoan, Hwan, Fan |
Handoko, Limantara, Van, Fania, Fandi, Hoana, Hoanoto, Hoanita, Hoanike, Famita |
| 彭 | Phe, Phi | Phang | Phang | Pangestu |
| 馮 | Phang | Hung, Hoeng | Fung,Foeng | Fangestu, Fungestu, Pangestu |
| 余 | Ie, Oe | Jie | Jie | Iman, Ibrahim, Iskandar |
| 郭 | Kwee, Kwik, Que | Kuok, Kwok, Kok | Kuok, Kwok, Kok | Kusumawijaya, Kusuma, Kuncoro, Soewito, Suwito |
| 韓 | Han | Hon | Hon | Handjojo, Hanjoyo, Handaya, Handoko, Suhandi, Handojo, Handoyo, Handidjaja, Hanjaya |
| 何 | Hoo | Hoo | Hoo | Honoris, Hendrawan, Hengky, Hartono |
| 洪 | Ang | Hung, Hoeng | Foeng | Abraham, Anggawarsito, Anggakusuma, Angela, Angkadiredja, Angkiat, Anggoro, Anggodo, Anggono, Angkasa, Anggraini, Andyanto, Angryanto, Anggriawan, Sanggalo |
| 黃 | Oei, Oey, Ng, Wie | Bong, Wong | Wong
Bong |
Darwis, Wienathan, Wibowo, Widiatmo, Wijaya, Widjaja, Winata, Widagdo, Widodo, Winoto, Willy, Willys, Wiryo, Wirya, Wongkar, Wiryanto, Wiraatmadja, Winarto, Witoelar, Winardi, Wibisono, Wiryono, Wiranata, Wiryanto, Wiyono, Wijono, Wuisan, Wisanto, Wijanarko, Wijonarko, Windra, Jingga, Ngadimin, Ngadiman |
| 江 | Kang | Kong | Kong | Kangean |
| 賴 | Lua, Loa | Laij, Lai | Laij, Lay | Laya, Lais, Lasuki |
| 李 | Li, Lie, Lee | Li, Lie, Lee | Li, Lie Lee | Darmali, Lianto, Liman, Leman, Licindo, Liedarto, Rusli, Lika, Aliwarga, Nauli, Romuli, Ramali, Ramli, Riady, Liecharlie, Lieberman, Linardi, Listiohadi, Liyono, Leonardo, Ali, other names with the prefixes and suffixes -Li- or -Lie- |
| 梁 | Nio, Neo | Leong, Liong, Leung | Leong, Liong | Neonardi, Antonio, Rovanio, Nurtanio, Nurjaman |
| 林 | Liem, Lim | Lam | Liem, Lim | Halim, Salim, Halimkusuma, Lemanjaya/Lemandjaja, Liman, Limanto, Limantoro, Limantara, Limiardi, Limijanto, Limiardja, Limijanti, Limarta, Taslim, Muslim, Liemena, Alim, Limawan, Linus, Baroleh, Ruslim, Mursalim, Linanto, Talim, Talin, Nursalim, Nastalim, Lumenta, Limputra, Suharlim, Satyalim, Wono, Wanandi, Haliman, Limansubronoto, Limandau, Limyadi |
| 劉 | Lau, Lauw, Law | Lau, Lauw, Law | Lioe, Liauw, Liu | Mulawarman, Lawang, Lauwita, Leo, Lawardi, Pahlawan, Lawrence, Lauvin, Lovin |
| 陸 | Liok, Liuk | Luk, Loek | Luk, Loek, Lioek | Loekito, Loekman, Loekmantoro |
| 呂 | Loe, Lu | Lu, Loo, Loe | Lukito, Loekito, Luna, Lukas, Lunardy, Lusanto, Lukmanto | |
| 司徒 | Sieto | Szeto, Seto, Siehu, Suhu | Sieto | Lutansieto, Suhuyanli, Suhuyanly, Yosieto, Seto |
| 沈 | Sim | Sam, Sham | Shim, Siem | Boedihardjo, Yansen, Yatsen |
| 蘇 | Souw, So | So, Soh | Su, Soe, Shu | Susanto, Suwandi, Soekotjo, Soehadi, Sosro, Solihin, Soeganda, Solikin, Soegihartanto, Sunardi |
| 丁 | Teng | Tang | Then, Thien | Tenggara, Tengger, Ateng, Tranggono |
| 鄧 | ||||
| 王 | Ong | Wong | Wong | Anugerah, Anugrah, Onggo, Ongko, Wangsadinata, Wangsapoetra, Wangsa, Radja, Wongsojoyo, Ongkowijoyo, Onggano, Wongso, Soemitro, Pranata, Sasongko |
| 溫 | Oen | Wan | Boen, Woen | Benyamin, Benjamin, Bunyamin, Budiman, Gunawan, Basirun, Bunaidi, Bunda, Wendi, Unang, Buntaran, Budiono |
| 吳 伍 仵 |
Go, Gouw, Goh | Ng, Eng | Ng, Eng | Bagus, Bagoes, Gondo, Sugondo, Gozali, Wurianto, Gomarga, Gunawan, Gotama, Utama, Widargo, Sumargo, Gunardi, Gunadi, Prayogo, Sudirgo, Margono |
| 武 | ||||
| 烏 鄔 | ||||
| 許 | Kho, Khouw | Hoei, Hui | Hii, Hie | Komar, Kurnia, Kurniadi, Kurniawan, Kusika, Kusnadi, Kusuma, Kumala, Komarudin, Kosasih, Khosasih, Khoosasi, Kowara |
| 古 丘 邱 |
Khoe (Hioe), Koo | Khu, Ku | Khoe, Ku | |
| 蔡 | Tjoa, Chua | Choy, Choi, Tjhoi | Chai, Tjhai | Tjahjana |
| 謝 | Cia, Tjia | Tse | Cia, Chia, Tjia | Ciawi, Syariel, Tjhia, Tjiasmanto, Sieto, Sinar, Sindoro, Tjahjadi |
| 楊 | Njoo, Nyoo, Jo, Yo | Yeung | Yong, Jong | Muljoto, Inyo, Yongki, Yoso, Yohan, Yorensin, Nyoto/Njoto, Sutaryo, Tindo |
| 葉 | Yap/Jap | Yip, Ip, Jip | Yap, Jap, Djap | Yapardi, Yapip, Yaputra, Jayaputra, Japutra, Yektiurip |
| 曾 | Tjan | Tjang, Tjan, Tsan, Tsang | Tjen, Tsen, Chen, Tsang, Tjang | Tjandra, Chandra, Chandiluhur, Chandrawinata, Candrakusuma, Tjandrakusuma, Tjandrawinata, Candrasaputra |
| 張 | Thio, Tio, Theo, Teo | Tjong, Cheung | Tjong, Chong, Tjen | Canggih, Chandra, Natio, Setyo, Setio, Susetyo, Sulistio, Sutiono, Setiono, Soewondo, Susantyo, Kartio, Setiadi, Prasetyo/Prasetya, Setiawan |
| 鄭 戴 |
Te, The, Tee | Cheng, Tjeng | Chang, Tjang | Sutedja, Teja, Tedja, Teddy, Tedjokumoro, Tejarukmana, Tedjamulia, Tedjasukmana |
| 周 | Tjioe, Djioe, Tjouw | Tjhao, Tjhau, Djau, Djau, Djauw | Tjioe, Tjhieuw, Tsieuw, Djioe, Tjeuw, Tjeeuw | Juanda, Juano, Juanita, Yuanita |
| 曹 | Tjo | Chou, Tjo, Tjouw | Chao, Chau, Djau, Jau, Jauw | Cokro, Vonco, Tjokro |
| 魏 | Wei, Goei, Gui, Gwie | Ngoei, Ngui | Ngoei, Ngui, Goei | Wijaya, Widjaja, Gunawan |
| 姚 | Lao, Lauw | Yiu, Jioe | Yauw, Jauw | Joeswanto, Jayawan |
| 鮑 | Pao, Pauw | Baau | Pauw, Pouw | Pualam, Purnama |
| 潘 | Phoa, Phoa | Poen | Phan | Pualam, Pualamsyah |
參考資料
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